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Grape Varieties
New Brunswick
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Baco Noir:
is a hybrid red grape variety that was produced by crossing two other grapes: a Vitis vinifera (Folle Blanche, a French wine grape) and an unknown variety of Vitis Riparia (an American wine grape). Created by French wine hybridizer Maurice Baco, it was at once commonly grown in France, but was heavily restricted for commercial use in 1951 by European Union regulations. At the same time, the variety was brought to the cooler viticulture regions of the United States, such as New York, Michigan, Mississippi, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania and a few years later to Canada.
This hearty, early-ripening true north varietal is used wholly and in blends to produce medium-bodied, fruit forward and structured wines with concentrated red berry, wood, and spice flavours and relatively high acidity. Some of its best renditions are produced in Ontario and British Columbia.
Gillis of Belleisle Winery and Richibucto River Wine Estate grow Baco Noir
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Cayuga White
is a wine grape was developed from crosses of the hybrids Schuyler and Seyval Blanc done at Cornell University 's New York State Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva, New York . It is a hardy vine with some bunch-rot disease resistance. It should be picked at low sugars to avoid over-ripe, sometimes labrusca -like, flavors. Picked at the proper time it can produce a very nice sparkling wine with good acid balance, structure, and pleasant aromas or a fruity white wine similar to a Riesling.
Gillis of Belleisle Winery grows Baco Noir
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De Chaunac
is a French-American hybrid wine grape variety used to make red wines . It was developed by Albert Seibel circa 1860. It is also known as Seibel 9549 and is a cross of Seibel 5163 and possibly Seibel 793. The grape was named after Adhemar de Chaunac , a pioneer in the Ontario wine industry.
De Chaunac is known to have a very vigorous growth habit and good resistance to powdery mildew and downy mildew . It is grown in varying amounts for wine production across the northeastern side of North America, especially in the wine growing regions of New York , Pennsylvania, Nova Scotia, Ontario, New Brunswick, Michigan , and other northeastern wine growing areas.
Grown by Motts Landing
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Frontenac
is a French-American hybrid grapevine that is a result of research and cross-breeding by the University of Minnesota . It was grown from a crossing of the complex interspecific hybrid Landot 4511 and a very cold hardy selection of Vitis riparia . It was released in 1996.
Frontenac gris is a white wine version of Frontenac, introduced in 2003. It started as a single bud mutation of Frontenac, yielding gray (thus named gris) fruit and amber-colored juice. Frontenac blanc will be introduced in 2012 from white fruited mutations found in both Fronenac and Frontenac gris vines in Minnesota and Canada
Frontenac Gris (pictured) makes a white wine with a peach and tropical fruit flavor
A good producer is Dunham's Run Estate Winery and Richibucto River Wine Estate
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L'Acadie Blanc
The signature white grape hybrid of Nova Scotia is also found in quebec. Created in Vineland, Ontario, this grape proved unsuitable to the Ontario climate but produces excellent wines in Nova Scotia. The grape is hardy, early-ripening and disease resistant. Fresh and refined, L'Acadie Blanc typically produces dry, medium bodied white wines with fresh flavours such as citrus fruit, and a slight herbaceous character. Oak-aged versions often develop buttery nuances, pear and apple flavours, and creamy textures
Richibucto River Wine Estate
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Leon Millot
is a red variety of hybrid grape; it was created in 1911 in the Oberlin Institute in Colmar, Alsace , by the French viticulturist Eugène Kuhlmann (1858–1932) by crossing the hybrid grape Millardet et Grasset 101-14 O.P. (which is Vitis riparia × Vitis rupestris ) with Goldriesling , which is Vitis vinifera . The variety was named after the winemaker and tree nursery owner Léon Millot.
Léon Millot ripens early, hardy, vigorous and disease resistant. It has high resistance against fungal diseases. It is therefore suited for cultivation in colder climates. It gives powerful wine with some foxy aromas
Vibrant and fruity, Leon Millot produces dry medium-bodied wines dominated by black cherry, berry fruit and peppery characteristics – ideal with most meats and dishes with tomato based sauces.
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Louise Swenson
is a very cold tolerant variety, reported cold hardy to an amazing -40F. The grapes have a naturally low sugar, with only moderate acidity. Louise Swenson is used to make white wine, with a delicate aroma of honey and flowers. Due to its natural low sugar levels, wine made from Louise Swenson tends to be light bodied; fuller bodied wines are often blended with Louise Swenson to make a more complete product. The dry white wine has a fruity nose that pairs well with fish, poultry, pork, and vegetable dishes
Mott's Landing produces a Louise Swenson Wine
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Marechal Foch
(pronounced "mar-esh-shall-fosh"), is an inter-specific hybrid red grape variety. It was named after the French marshal Ferdinand Foch (1851-1929), who played an important role in the negotiation of the armistice terms during the closing of the First World War .
It was developed in Alsace , France by grape hybridizer Eugene Kuhlmann. It ripens early , is cold-hardy, is resistant to fungal diseases, but because of its small berry size is prone to bird injury. The quality of wine produced by Marechal Foch vines is highly dependent upon vine age, and the flavor profile associated with many new-world hybrid varietals is much reduced in examples made with fruit picked from older vines. The berry size of this variety is small.
Richibucto River Wine Estate
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Marechal Joffre
comes from the same cross as Marechal Foch and Leon Millot. The Mgt 101-14 x Goldriesling cross was made by Eugene Kuhlmann in France in the early 1900's. This variety is said to be earlier ripening than Leon Millot
This variety is very disease resistant, similar to that of Foch, and cold hardy to about the same as Leon Millot -27c. The clusters and berries are small but there are usually 2-3 clusters per shoot. The juice of the Joffre berries resembles that of the other Kulhmann hybrids with a little less pronounced berry fruit expression. However, on the chemistry side the juice can reach a high brix in the 23-25 brix range while the acid levels are better than Foch which can often be quite high
Can also be found in Nova Scotia
Grown by Motts Landing Vineyards
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Prairie Star
was developed by Elmer Swenson and released in 2001. Hardy to -30° F, Prairie Star is fairly disease resistant, but it is susceptible to Anthracnose which is easily controllable. Reported as capable of making a neutral varietal wine in most years it is currently used to balance other white wines
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Osceola Muscat (ES 2/8/43)
is a small white Muscat-type grape. Produces numerous small-and medium- sized clusters. The wine samples were aromatic and quite highly rated. Promising variety for short growing season and cold winter zones. Excellent winter hardiness to at least -35F. Ripens in early September at 22 Brix. Moderately vigorous. Promising grapes for short seasons.
Excellent wine, similar to a true Muscat. Small clusters can slow the harvest. Full-bodied, moderate acidity and a long
Mott's Landing produces
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Sabrevois
a hybrid bred by Elmer Swnson named after the Village of Sabrevious located south of Montreal. Grown in Quebec since2000.
the berry is black, small to medium in size. Winter hardiness
(to -35°C or -31°F).
Has the same parents as St. Croix, but hardier, and more vigorous. Disease resistant, heavy producer. It makes a more complex wine then St. Croix
Dunham's Run Estate Winery and Mott's Landing are good producers
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Seyval Blanc
This grape is hardy and versatile and performs well in New Brunswick warmer regions. Crisp and clean, Seyval Blanc produces light to medium-bodied white wines with crisp citrus fruit aromas and flavours– has a sweet and clean bouquet reminiscent of pears and citrus fruit
a great - aperitif or to enjoy with simply prepared mussels or light white fish such as sole.
Know as Seyve-Villard 5-276 hybrid
Seyval Blanc was created either by Bertille Seyve , or his son-in-law Villard, as a cross of Seibel 5656 and Rayon d'Or (Seibel 4986
La Cave â Vin Boudreau Vineyards is a producer
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St Croix
This hybrid grape cultivar was produced in 1983 by Elmer Swenson, a pioneering grape breeder who introduced a number
of new cultivars that are hardy in the Upper Midwest. It was introduced by the University of Minnesota.
St. Croix vines are vigorous and produce medium sized, somewhat loose clusters of grapes. It has moderate to good
disease resistance, and is hardy to -28°F or better.
St. Croix grapes produce medium to full bodied, dry, deep red wines with low tannins, good fruity aromas, and have currant and other dried fruit flavor aspects. Production often employs oak barrel ageing to add even more complexity to the wine's bouquet and flavors.
A major varietal in Quebec
producers Halte Des Pèlerins,
Les Petits Cailloux, Vignoble Clos St-Ignace,Vignoble Domaine de l'Ile Ronde and Le Vignoble Du Clos Baillie
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Van Cliche
an hardy early riping grape
with intermediate resistance to diseases.
Small to medium white fruits are produced in medium sized bunches on productive vines. Excellent choice for high quality wine making if pick before fully ripe. Its hardiness and early harvest make this vine an excellent choice for the cold areas
Grown by Motts Landing Vineyards
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There are some outstanding fruit wineries in New Brunswick including
Verger Belliveau Orchard,Waterside Farms Cottage Winery and Gagetown Cider Company. Both wineries also produce ciders. Another popular fruit winery is Magnetic Hill Winery and the Blueberry wines of
Tuddenham Farms.
Thanks to
~ voloacanursery.com
~ David Craw
~ The Vine House
Grape Varietal: British Columbia ~ Ontario ~ Quebec ~ Nova Scotia ~ New Foundland
Wineries of Canada
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